01 - Set the oven temperature to 425°F and line a baking sheet with parchment paper.
02 - Arrange the trimmed asparagus spears in a single layer on the prepared baking sheet.
03 - Drizzle olive oil over the asparagus, then sprinkle with sea salt and black pepper. Toss gently to coat evenly.
04 - Roast for 12 to 15 minutes until tender and lightly caramelized, shaking the pan halfway through cooking.
05 - Remove from oven, immediately sprinkle with lemon zest, and squeeze fresh lemon juice over the asparagus.
06 - If desired, sprinkle grated Parmesan cheese on top before serving.